prep.(介词)

1. (表示位置)在…近旁; 在身边 near
2. (表示时间)不迟于; 在…时候 not later than
3. (表示移动方向)从…中经过 passing through or along
4. (表示方式)搭乘,通过; 抓住…; 靠,采取; 就…而论; 以…称呼方式; 以…的名义; 凭着 through the use or means of
5. (表示原因)随…而来 as the result of
6. (表示方位)偏于 inclined to one side
7. (表示环境)借着…光亮 depend upon the light of
8. (表示关涉)经过 passing through
9. (表示程度)以…之差 with disparity of
10. (表示关系)对待 treat
11. (表示依据)根据 in accordance with
12. (表示比率)以…幅度; 以…为单位; …比 …to the amount or degree of
13. (表示累加)(一个)接着 one by one
14. (表示动作者)被〔由〕; 由…创作〔演奏〕 show the name of the person who wrote a book, directed a film, made a work of art, etc.

adv.(副词)

1. 在近旁 near
2. 经过,走过 past
3. 保留 in reserve

Adverb:

1. so as to pass a given point;

   "every hour a train goes past"
   

2. in reserve; not for immediate use;

   "started setting aside money to buy a car"
   "put something by for her old age"
   "has a nest egg tucked away for a rainy day"
   

In addition to the uses shown below,by is used in phrasal verbs such as ‘abide by’, ‘put by’, and ‘stand by’.
除下列用法，by还可用于abide by, put by和 stand by等短语动词中。The preposition is pronounced /baɪ/. The adverb is pronounced /'baɪ/. 用作介词时读作/baɪ/，用作副词时在句中重读。

1.由；被
If something is doneby a person or thing, that person or thing does it.

e.g. The feast was servedby his mother and sisters...
这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。
e.g. I was amazedby their discourtesy and lack of professionalism...
他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。

2.（图书、音乐、绘画等）由…（创作），出自
If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting isby a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it.

e.g. ...a paintingby Van Gogh...
一幅凡·高的画
e.g. 'Jacob's Ladder', the newest filmby Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.
阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。

When you are talking about the author of a book or play, the composer of a piece of music, or the painter of a painting, you say that the piece of work isby that person or is written or paintedby him or her....three books by Michael Moorcock. ...a collection of piano pieces by Mozart. When you are talking about the person who has written you a letter or sent a message to you, you say that the letter or message isfrom that person.He received a message from Vito Corleone.
谈论一本书、一部戏、一首乐曲或一幅画的创作者时，用by表示：three books by Michael Moorcock（迈克尔·穆尔科克写的3本书），a collection of piano pieces by Mozart（莫扎特钢琴曲集）。谈论信件或信息的发出者时，用from表示：He received a message from Vito Corleone（他收到维托·科莱奥内捎来的信息）。

3.靠；用；凭
If you do somethingby a particular means, you do it using that thing.

by

e.g. We'll be travellingby car.
我们将开车旅行。
e.g. ...dinnersby candlelight.
烛光晚餐

4.通过，凭借（做某事）
If you achieve one thingby doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.

by的近义词

e.g. Make the sauceby boiling the cream and stock together in a pan...
把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。
e.g. The all-female yacht crew made historyby becoming the first to sail round the world...
这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。

5.（用于短语中）由于，出于（偶然或意外）
You useby in phrases such as 'by chance' or 'by accident' to indicate whether or not an event was planned.

by在线翻译

e.g. I met himby chance out walking yesterday...
我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。
e.g. He opened Ingrid's letterby mistake...
他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。

6.就（本性、职业或出身）而言
If someone is a particular type of personby nature,by profession, orby birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.

e.g. I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is lovingby nature...
拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。
e.g. She's a nurseby profession and now runs a counselling service for women...
她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。

7.根据，按照（法律或某种标准）
If something must be doneby law, it happens according to the law. If something is the caseby particular standards, it is the case according to the standards.

e.g. Pharmacists are requiredby law to give the medicine prescribedby the doctor.
法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。
e.g. ...evening wear that was discreetby his standards.
以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服

8.说（某词语或某一番话）
If you say what someone meansby a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to.

e.g. Stella knew what he meantby 'start again'...
斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。
e.g. 'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you meanby that?'
“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？”

9.（用于表示抓住身体某部位或握住物体某部分）
If you hold someone or somethingby a particular part of them, you hold that part.

e.g. He caught herby the shoulder and turned her around...
他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。
e.g. She was ledby the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor...
她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。

10.在…旁边；接近
Someone or something that isby something else is beside it and close to it.

by的近义词

e.g. Judith was sitting in a rocking-chairby the window...
朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。
e.g. Felicity Maxwell stoodby the bar and ordered a glass of wine...
费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。

11.经过；经由
If a person or vehicle goesby you, they move past you without stopping.

e.g. A few cars passed closeby me...
几辆车贴着我开过去。
e.g. He kept walking and passedby me on his side of the street.
他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。

12.在（某处停留）
If you stopby a place, you visit it for a short time.

e.g. We had made arrangements to stopby her house in Pacific Grove...
我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。
e.g. Daddy called and asked me to dropby his office.
爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。

13.在…时候；到…之前；不迟于
If something happensby a particular time, it happens at or before that time.

by的解释

e.g. by eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel...
到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。
e.g. We all knewby then that the affair was practically over.
到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。

14.在（白天或夜晚）
If you do somethingby day, you do it during the day. If you do itby night, you do it during the night.

e.g. by day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous...
白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。
e.g. She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of Londonby night.
她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。

15.（乘或除）以
In arithmetic, you useby before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.

e.g. ...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multipliedby 12)...
22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12）
e.g. 230cm dividedby 22cm is 10.45cm.
230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。

16.乘（表示长乘宽得出的居室等的面积）
You useby to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feetby fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.

by

e.g. Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metresby 2 metres.
3个囚犯关在一个3米长2米宽的小牢房里。

17.（表示增减的幅度）
If something increases or decreasesby a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.

e.g. Violent crime has increasedby 10 percent since last year...
暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。
e.g. Their pay has been cutby one-third.
他们薪水降低了1/3。

18.以…计；按…计
Things that are made or soldby the million orby the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.

by的翻译

e.g. Parcels arrivedby the dozen from America...
包裹成打地从美国运来。
e.g. Liberty fabrics, both for furnishing and for dressmaking, are soldby the metre.
利伯蒂布按米出售，既可用作装饰又可作衣料。

19.（表示事物的逐渐变化）
You useby in expressions such as 'minute by minute' and 'drop by drop' to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.

e.g. His father began to lose his memory bitby bit, becoming increasingly forgetful.
他的父亲开始一点点地失去记忆，变得越来越健忘。

20.独自；单独
If you areby yourself, you are alone.

by

e.g. ...a dark-haired man sittingby himself in a corner.
一个独自坐在角落里的黑发男人

21.独立（完成某事）
If you do somethingby yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.

e.g. I didn't know if I could raise a childby myself.
我不知道自己是否能够独自养大一个孩子。

1. 通过：尤其是在汇报会上,学生们主动地运用多种富于创造性的形式来展示自己的成果,更是鲜明地体现出学生不同的智能倾向. 总而言之,这次活动的成功之处在于一切为了(for)学生的多元智能,一切通过(by)学生的多元智能.

2. 经......由：然而,这里经由(by)书写与和声--如果不也是经由某种复杂性观念(notion of complexity)的话,我们可以把这种观念与技术进步相联系--而被置于危险境地的东西,到底是什么呢?

3. by

3.by：bypass; 电桥旁路

4.by：bywlq; 恩祁

5. by是什么意思

5.by：belarus; 白俄罗斯（域名）

The house by the lake is a restaurant.

湖边的那座房子是家饭店。

He entered by the back door.

他从后门进入。

The project was viewed favorably by the committee.

那计划受到该委员会的好评。

He let himself down slowly by means of a rope.

他用一条绳子滑下来。

He hurried by and disappeared in the wood.

他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。

I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.

我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。

He lives near by.

他住在附近。

by eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel...

到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。

We all knew by then that the affair was practically over.

到那时，我们都知道事情实际上已经结束了。

by day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous...

白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。

She had no wish to hurry alone through the streets of London by night.

她可不想独自在夜晚匆匆走过伦敦的街道。

...an apparent annual rate of 22.8 per cent (1.9 multiplied by 12)...

22.8%的名义年率（1.9乘以12）

230cm divided by 22cm is 10.45cm.

230厘米除以22厘米等于10.45厘米。

Daddy called and asked me to drop by his office.

爸爸打来电话让我去他办公室一趟。

...evening wear that was discreet by his standards.

以他的标准来看相当朴素的晚礼服

Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'...

斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。

'You're unbelievably lucky.' 'u2014 'What do you mean by that?'

“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？”

He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around...

他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。

She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor...

她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。

Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window...

朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。

Felicity Maxwell stood by the bar and ordered a glass of wine...

费利西蒂·马克斯韦尔站在吧台旁，要了一杯红酒。

A few cars passed close by me...

几辆车贴着我开过去。

He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street.

他一直在街对面走着，并与街这边的我交错而过。

We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove...

我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。

Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.

法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。

The feast was served by his mother and sisters...

这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。

I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism...

他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。

...a painting by Van Gogh...

一幅凡·高的画

'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.

阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。

We'll be travelling by car.

我们将开车旅行。

...dinners by candlelight.

烛光晚餐

Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan...

把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。

The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world...

这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。

I met him by chance out walking yesterday...

我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。

He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake...

他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。

I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature...

拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。

She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women...

她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。

1. On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.
   在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。
2. He keeps a dictionary by him when he's reading.
   他读书时,手边总放着一本词典。
3. Be here by four o'clock.
   四点钟之前到这儿。
4. She should be back by now.
   她现在应该回来了。
5. If they have a journey to make, most people prefer to go by day.
   如果要旅行,大多数人喜欢在白天进行。
6. They came in by the back door.
   他们是由后门进来的。
7. Are you to go there by bike or by bus?
   你骑车还是坐车去?
8. You can order tickets by telephone.
   你可以用电话订票。
9. The money will be paid by cheque.
   此款将由支票支付。
10. He seized her by the arm.
    他抓住她的手臂。
11. Man does not live by bread alone.
    人不能单靠面包生存。
12. They were making a living by selling souvenirs to the tourists.
    他们靠向旅游者出售纪念品来谋生。
13. They decided to raise the money by subscription.
    他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。
14. by temperament he was an artist.
    从气质上看,他是一位画家。
15. They always addressed each other by their Christian name.
    他们总是以教名互相称呼。
16. by God he's done it!
    老天为证,他确实做了此事。
17. I did it all by myself!
    我完全是靠自己做此事的。
18. The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.
    由于有校长的准许,会议将在学校大厅举行。
19. The steamer will go west by north.
    这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。
20. They were playing cards by electric light.
    他们正借着灯光打牌。
21. I go by the house every day.
    我每天都要从这栋房子经过。
22. We lost the match by one goal.
    我们以一分之差输了比赛。
23. He deals ill by his wife.
    他待妻子不好。
24. It's not fair to judge people by their appearance.
    以貌取人是不公正的。
25. Its grant is to be cut by more than 40 percent.
    其补助将削减40％以上。
26. Most workmen are paid by the week.
    大多数工人按周付给薪水。
27. The lounge is twenty feet by fourteen.
    这间起居室长20英尺,宽14英尺。
28. Day by day he applied himself to the task until it was finished.
    他日复一日地投入那项工作,直到完成为止。
29. He was brought up by an aunt.
    他是由婶婶抚育成人的。
30. Above it hung an oil painting by Beryl.
    它的上方挂着一幅贝丽尔创作的油画。
31. We should help our brother communities by all means in our power.
    我们应该尽力帮助兄弟社团。
32. Oh by the way, have you heard from Bill lately?
    哦,顺便问一下,你最近得到比尔的消息了吗?

1. She hurried by without speaking to her teacher.
   她匆匆经过,没有跟她的老师说话。
2. Come by for a drink after work.
   下班后路过我家时进来喝一杯。
3. She stole the book when no one was by.
   她趁旁边无人时把书偷走了。

by accident

偶然地 without any intention or planning

by all means

一定,务必must

by analogy

用类推方法by a process of reasoning between parallel cases

by analogy with

根据…类推deducing (sth) according to sth

by any chance

或许; 可能 perhaps; possibly

by chance

偶然地,意外地 by accident; accidentally; unintentionally

by common consent

公认 generally acknowledge

by comparison

比较起来when compared

by contrast

参见contrast条。

by courtesy of

蒙…的好意,蒙…提供 by the permission or generosity of sb

by degrees

一点一点地,逐渐地 gradually

by far

…得多,更,尤其 by a great amount

by hand

用手;亲自 using one's hand; in person

by heart

凭记性 by memory

by itself

独自地; 无需外力地alone; without help

by leaps and bounds

非常迅速,突飞猛进very quickly and successfully

by means of

参见mean条。

by mistake

错误地 as a result of carelessness, forgetfulness, etc.; in error

by no means

参见mean条。

by reason of

由于because of

by rights

要是公正的话,公正地 if justice were done; in justice

by the book

按规则，依照惯例according to the rules

by the by

顺便提一句by the way

by the same token

由于同样原因，同样地in the same way

by the way

顺便地,附带说说 used to introduce a comment or question that is only indirectly related, if at all, to the main subject of conversation

by trial and error

反复试验，不断摸索by trying various solutions and learning from one's failure

by turns

轮流地; 交替地 one after the other; in rotation

by virtue of

凭借，依靠，因为，由于by means of or because of sth

by way of

意在,为了 with the intention of or for the purpose ofby way of introduction to my subject,I'd like to tell you how I first came to be interested in it.为了引入我的话题,我想告诉你我起初是怎样对这个问题感兴趣的。

by and by

不久,马上 before long; soon

by and large

总的来说 on the whole;in general

动词+～

• by">abide by遵守，履行
• by%20acclamation">adopt by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
• by">brush by触到，擦及
• by%20acclamation">carry by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
• by%20surprise">catch sb by surprise使某人吃惊，使惊异，使感到意外
• by">characterize by以…为特征
• by%20the%20heels">clap sb by the heels给某人上镣铐；把某人逮捕入狱
• by">come by（尤指通过努力）得到，获得；偶然得到
• by">deal by对待
• by%20one%27s%20own%20hand">die by one's own hand自杀
• by">divide by除
• by">do by待，对待
• by%20halves">do by halves做…半途而废
• by%20sb">do right by sb公平地对待某人，给某人应有的评价
• by%20the%20wayside">drop by the wayside半途而废，中途退出
• by%20the%20skin%20of%20one%27s%20teeth">escape by the skin of one's teeth死里逃生
• by%20the%20wayside">fall by the wayside半途而废，中途退出
• by%20the%20ears">fall together by the ears扭打起来；争吵起来
• by">get by通过障碍
• by%20the%20short%20hairs">get sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
• by%20the%20ear">get the wrong sow by the ear弄错了人（或事），得出错误结论
• by">go by从…经过
• by%20default">go by default没有，缺乏；因疏忽（或未该做的事）而致丧失
• by%20the%20board">go by the board从外侧落出；被遗忘，被忽视；落空
• by%20the%20book">go by the book遵照规章行事
• by%20the%20name%20of">go by the name of用…的名字
• by%20the%20wayside">go by the wayside被撇在一边，被搁置，被抛弃
• by%20the%20forelock">grab time by the forelock抓住时机
• by%20a%20hair">hang by a hair千钧一发；岌岌可危；摇摇欲坠
• by%20a%20thread">hang by a thread千钧一发，岌岌可危
• by%20the%20wall">hang by the wall被搁置不用，被打入冷宫
• by%20the%20eyelids">hang (on) by the eyelids千钧一发
• by%20the%20tail">have a bear by the tail遇到难以应付（或控制）的事情
• by%20the%20tail">have a tiger by the tail遇到劲敌；处境比预料的困难
• by%20the%20ears">have a wolf by the ears处于危急境地
• by%20the%20short%20hairs">have sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
• by">hold by坚持；遵守；接受；赞成
• by">intoxicate sb by醉；陶醉于
• by">judge by按…判断，断定，认为
• by%20sight">know by sight与…只是面熟（并不熟识）
• by%20the%20nose">lead sb by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走；完全控制某人
• by">lie by躺在…旁边
• by%20one%27s%20wits">live by one's wits靠耍花招（或耍小聪明）骗人过日子
• by">lay by放在…旁边
• by%20the%20heels">lay sb by the heels把某人逮捕下狱；推翻某人；挫败某人
• by">live by以…为生计；遵守，遵循
• by">lose by因…遭受损失，因…而吃亏
• by%20sb">mean well by sb对某人怀有好意
• by%20one%27s%20own%20bushel">measure another's corn by one's own bushel以己度人
• by%20one%27s%20own%20last">measure another's (man's) foot by one's own last以己度人
• by%20a%20mile">miss by a mile远远没有击中，完全离谱；遭到惨败，完全不成功
• by">oblige sb by为某人效劳，帮忙
• by">pass by经过，从…旁走过
• by%20ear">play it by ear根据情形行动，即时应付
• by">profit by得益
• by%20the%20roots">pull up by the roots连根拔起
• by">push by赶上；超越
• by">repay...by以…酬报，回报
• by">replace...by以…替代〔置换〕
• by%20the%20forelock">seize time by the forelock抓住时机
• by">set by尊重，重视
• by%20the%20ears">set by the ears使争吵
• by%20the%20heels">set sb by the heels给某人上镣铐；把某人逮捕入狱
• by">sit by坐在…旁边
• by%20nelly">sit by nelly跟别人学着做
• by">sth to remember sb by供别人记住某人的东西，别人赖以记住某人的东西；让某人记住某人厉害的一顿揍
• by%20the%20card">speak by the card说话精确
• by">stand by支持或帮助；信守（诺言等）
• by%20one%27s%20side">stand by one's side站在某人的旁边，道义上支持某人
• by">stick by忠于，对…真心；坚持，维护（原则等）
• by">swear by极其信赖；凭…发誓，以…名义发誓
• by%20the%20forelock">take an occasion by the forelock抓住时机
• by%20the%20forelock">take an opportunity by the forelock抓住时机
• by">take by抓住（某物或某人的部位）
• by%20storm">take...by storm攻占，袭击；使倾倒，使神魂颠倒
• by%20surprise">take by surprise使吃惊，使感到意外；奇袭，使措手不及
• by%20the%20short%20hairs">take sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
• by%20the%20horns">take the bull by the horns大胆地对付困难（或危险）
• by%20the%20forelock">take time by the forelock抓住时机
• by">tell by根据…判断〔推断〕
• by%20acclamation">vote by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
• by_2E_2E_2E%3F">what do you mean by...?你说（或做…）是什么意思？你怎么胆敢…？你凭什么竟敢…
• ？
• by%20a%20short%20head">win by a short head（赛马时）仅以一个马头的距离获胜，以极小的差别获胜，险胜

动词+名词+～

• by">do the handsome〔decent〕 thing by宽厚地〔亲切地，慷慨地〕对待
• by">set one's eyes〔an eye〕 by喜爱，看重

～+名词

• by%20magic">as if by magic立即，飞快地，快得（或好得）令人难以置信的
• by%20a%20canvas">by a canvas以毫厘之差
• by%20a%20hair%27s%20breadth">by a hair's breadth（以）极少的数量或极短的距离；险些，间不容发地
• by%20a%20long%20way">by a long way远远地，大大地
• by%20a%20neck">by a neck（赛马中）以一颈之差（获胜或失利）
• by%20a%20nose">by a nose以少许之差
• by%20a%20short%20head">by a short head（赛马）以不到一个马头的距离；以极少的量
• by%20a%20street">by a street以悬殊（或差距），大幅度地
• by%20accident">by accident偶然，意外地
• by%20accident%20of">by accident of凭机遇；靠命运
• by%20agency%20of">by agency of由于…；通过…
• by%20air">by air坐飞机
• by%20%EF%BC%88all">by （all或long）odds大大（胜过），远远（超过）
• by%20all%20accounts">by all accounts据说；根据报道
• by%20all%20appearances">by all appearances显然；外表上
• by%20all%20manner%20of%20means">by all manner of means用一切手段；好的；当然
• by%20all%20means">by all means用一切手段；好的；当然
• by%20an%20eyelash">by an eyelash差点儿不，几乎不
• by%20analogy">by analogy用类推的方法
• by%20any%20chance">by any chance或许；可能
• by%20any%20means">by any means用任何可能的办法，不惜任何代价，无论如何
• by%20any%20manner%20of%20means">by any manner of means用任何可能的办法，不惜任何代价，无论如何
• by%20any%20possibility">by any possibility以任何可能的方法
• by%20any%20stretch%20of%20the%20imagination">by any stretch of the imagination尽管怎样想象，任凭如何异想天开
• by%20avocation">by avocation副业是
• by%20auction">by auction拍卖
• by%20appointment">by appointment约定
• by%20birth">by birth出身
• by%20blood">by blood按血统
• by%20chance">by chance偶然
• by%20choice">by choice如果必须选择的话；凭爱好
• by%20coincidence">by coincidence巧合
• by%20common%20consent">by common consent经一致同意
• by%20comparison%20%28with%29">by comparison (with)与…比较起来；通过比较
• by%20contract">by contract承包
• by%20contraries">by contraries与预期的相反；与逻辑相违背；相反地
• by%20contrast">by contrast相比之下
• by%20course%20of">by course of按…的惯例
• by%20courtesy%20of">by courtesy of承蒙许可；承蒙好意
• by%20crack">by crack哎呀，我的天哪
• by%20day">by day白天
• by%20default">by default因对方、他队等未出场
• by%20definition">by definition根据定义；实质上
• by%20degrees">by degrees逐渐地
• by%20dint%20of">by dint of借…的力量，凭借；由于
• by%20ear">by ear凭听觉
• by%20easy%20stages">by easy stages途中有停歇地，行行歇歇地，从容不迫地
• by%20fair%20means%20or%20foul">by fair means or foul用正当或不正当的手段，不择手段地
• by%20fits%20%28and%20starts%29">by fits (and starts)一阵一阵地；间歇地
• by%20force">by force用武力
• by%20force%20of">by force of凭借，由于；以…手段
• by%20good%20luck">by good luck侥幸
• by%20goods">by goods用货车装运
• by%20guess">by guess凭猜测
• by%20guess%20and%20by%20God">by guess and by God凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
• by%20guess%20and%20by%20Godfrey">by guess and by Godfrey凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
• by%20guess%20and%20by%20gosh">by guess and by gosh凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
• by%20guess%20and%20by%20golly">by guess and by golly凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
• by%20half">by half到极大程度，大大地
• by%20halves">by halves部分地，不完善地；半心半意地，不太热心地
• by%20hand">by hand人工的；捎来的
• by%20heart">by heart熟记
• by%20heaven">by heaven哎呀，天哪
• by%20hook%20or%20by%20crook">by hook or by crook用种种方法；不择手段地
• by%20ill%20luck">by ill luck不巧
• by%20implication">by implication含蓄地；暗示地
• by%20inches">by inches差一点儿
• by%20instinct">by instinct凭本能
• by%20leaps%20and%20bounds">by leaps and bounds极其迅速地
• by%20lease">by lease以租借方式
• by%20long%20chalk%28s%29">by long chalk(s)远远地，大大地，在很大程度上
• by%20main%20strength">by main strength以全力，靠全身力气
• by%20marriage">by marriage通过姻亲关系
• by%20means%20of">by means of用…
• by%20mistake">by mistake弄错
• by%20my%20faith">by my faith我担保，千真万确
• by%20my%20troth">by my troth我保证
• by%20name">by name名为；名叫
• by%20nature">by nature天生
• by%20necessity%20of%20circumstances">by necessity of circumstances由于客观情况需要，为情势所迫
• by%20night">by night在夜里，趁黑夜
• by%20no%20manner%20of%20means">by no manner of means一点也不；决不
• by%20no%20means">by no means一点也不；决不
• by%20a%20long%20chalk">not by a long chalk完全没有，一点也不
• by%20a%20long%20shot">not by a long shot远不，根本不
• by%20a%20long%20sight">not by a long sight远非；一点也不
• by%20number">by number按数字，根据号码
• by%20numbers">by numbers按数量上的优势
• by%20occasion%20of">by occasion of因为，由于
• by%20one%27s%20own%20admission">by one's own admission自己所承认
• by%20one%27s%20own%20fair%20hand">by one's own fair hand亲手，亲自
• by%20one%27s%20%28own%29%20bootstrap">by one's (own) bootstrap依靠自己的力量，自力更生地
• by%20one%27s%20%28own%29%20lights">by one's (own) lights按照自己的能力
• by%20order%20of">by order of奉某人之命；按某人的命令
• by%20origin">by origin按出身
• by%20post">by post邮寄
• by%20profession">by profession职业是
• by%20rail">by rail由铁路，用火车
• by%20reason%20of">by reason of由于，因为
• by%20reason%20that">by reason that因为，由于
• by%20reputation">by reputation由名声
• by%20repute">by repute由名声
• by%20request%20%28of%29">by request (of)就（…的）要求（或请求）
• by%20retail">by retail零售
• by%20return">by return由最近一班回程邮递
• by%20return%20of%20post">by return of post由最近一班回程邮递
• by%20return%20of%20mail">by return of mail由最近一班回程邮递
• by%20right%20of">by right of因为，由于
• by%20rights">by rights按理说；基于正当或合法的权利
• by%20road">by road由公路
• by%20rote">by rote凭记忆
• by%20rule">by rule按规则
• by%20rule%20and%20line">by rule and line精确地，精密地
• by%20sea">by sea由海路
• by%20sight">by sight仅识其面
• by%20some%20means%20or%20other">by some means or other用某种方法
• by%20the%20book">by the book严格按规则
• by%20the%20by">by the by顺便提一句
• by%20the%20bye">by the bye顺便提一句
• by%20the%20day">by the day按日
• by%20the%20dozen">by the dozen按打；成打的（地）
• by%20the%20ears">by the ears不和，在争吵中
• by%20%28the%29%20favour%20of">by (the) favour of烦请…面交
• by%20the%20grace%20of">by the grace of承蒙天恩
• by%20the%20gross">by the gross大宗地，大量地；以批发方式
• by%20the%20hands%20of">by the hands of经由的…的手
• by%20the%20head">by the head船头吃水比船尾深的；微醉
• by%20the%20holy%20poke">by the holy poke一定
• by%20the%20light%20of%20nature">by the light of nature天生的；自然而然地
• by%20the%20job">by the job按每件工作
• by%20the%20look%28s%29%20of">by the look(s) of照…看来
• by%20the%20name%20of">by the name of称作；叫做
• by%20the%20numbers">by the numbers按口令
• by%20the%20piece">by the piece按件（或个等）计算
• by%20the%20same%20token">by the same token同样地；同理
• by%20the%20sea">by the sea在海边，在海滨
• by%20the%20seat%20of%20one%27s%20pants">by the seat of one's pants凭感觉，凭本能，凭经验
• by%20the%20side%20of">by the side of在…旁边，在…附近
• by%20the%20skin%20of%20one%27s%20teeth">by the skin of one's teeth仅；刚刚
• by%20the%20square">by the square精确地，确切地
• by%20the%20stern">by the stern艉部吃水较深地，后倾地
• by%20the%20sweat%20of%20one%27s%20brow">by the sweat of one's brow靠自己辛勤劳动
• by%20the%20sweat%20of%20one%27s%20face">by the sweat of one's face靠自己辛勤劳动
• by%20the%20way">by the way在路上,顺便问一下
• by%20the%20yard">by the yard冗长地，没完没了地
• by%20thumb">by thumb以免费搭车方式
• by%20trade">by trade职业是
• by%20trial%20and%20error">by trial and error反复试验，不断摸索
• by%20turns">by turns轮流
• by%20virtue%20of">by virtue of凭借
• by%20vocation">by vocation职业是
• by%20water">by water乘船，由水路
• by%20way%20of">by way of经由
• by%20weight">by weight按重量，根据重量
• by%20wholesale">by wholesale批发
• by%20wire">by wire用电报
• by%20word%20of%20mouth">by word of mouth口头上
• by%20your%20leave">by your leave请允许我；对不起
• by%20any%20means">not by any means决不
• by%20any%20manner%20of%20means">not by any manner of means决不
• by%20half">too...by half太…，过于…

名词+～+名词

• by%20bit">bit by bit一点一点地
• by%20day">day by day一天一天地；逐日
• by%20drop">drop by drop点点滴滴地，一点一滴地
• by%20inch">inch by inch慢慢的；逐步地；一点一点地
• by%20side">side by side肩并肩地，一起；等同于
• by%20stage">stage by stage逐步地，循序渐进地
• by%20step">step by step逐步
• by%20stone">stone by stone一点一滴地
• by%20year">year by year年复一年

副词+～

• by">hard by在…近旁

～+副词

• by%20far%E2%80%A6">by far…得多；最…；显然
• by%20much">by much大大地，到极大程度
• by%20now">by now到现在

副词+～+副词

• by%20little">little by little一点一滴地

～+代词

• by%20itself">by itself自动地；孤单地
• by%20myself">by myself我独自地；我独立地
• by%20oneself">by oneself单独；独自
• by%20ourselves">by ourselves我们独自地；我们独立地
• by%20yourself">by yourself你单独地，独自地；你独立地，全靠你自己

～+数词

• by%20ones%20and%20twos">by ones and twos一次一两个，三三两两地
• by%20the%20hundred">by the hundred成百地，数以百计地，大批大批地
• by%20%28the%29%20hundreds">by (the) hundreds成百地，数以百计地，大批大批地
• by%20the%20thousand">by the thousand成千地，数以千计地，大批大批地
• by%20%28the%29%20thousands">by (the) thousands成千地，数以千计地，大批大批地
• by%20twos%20and%20threes">by twos and threes三三两两地

数词+～+数词

• by%20one">one by one一个一个地
• by%20two">two by two两个两个地

动词+～

• by">call by顺便访问
• by">come by进来
• by">drop by顺便访问
• by">get by通过；还可以，勉强可接受；设法勉强生存
• by">go by经过
• by">put...by存（钱等）以备未来之需
• by">roll by（时间）流逝
• by">scrape by勉强及格，勉强度过去
• by">stand by袖手旁观；准备行动；在场，在附近
• by">stop by（顺便）过访，串门
• by">tick by(时间)流逝；（钟表）滴滴答答响

• He taried..at Joppa by one Simon.

  出自：Bible (Coverdale): Acts

• Down by the Docks they 'board seamen' at the eating houses.

  出自：Dickens

• A cat sits on the pavement by the house.

  出自：R. Jarrell

保险

by的解释

A：My grandmother getsby on (social security/ her pension funds/ charity).
我的祖母靠（社会保险/她的抚恤基金/慈善捐款）过日子。

B：Mine too.
我的祖母也是。

搬家

A：(Most/ almost all/ a great deal) of the street parking is goneby then.
那个时候街上（大多数/几乎所有/很多）都没有停车的地方了。

B：Really?
真的吗？

付款方式

B：Will you be payingby cash,check,or credit card? /How will you be paying?)
你用现金、支票还是信用卡付款？/你如何付款？

by的翻译

A：by (cash/ check/ credit card).
用（现金/支票/信用卡）。

prep.(介词)

1. by在表示时间时,常与动词的一般时、将来时、完成时或将来完成时连用。作“在…时候”解时,常用于by day〔night〕短语中。
2. by表示方式(除作“抓住…”解时)或原因后接名词时,名词前通常不加冠词。
3. by表示方式作“凭着”解时,其后常接反身代词; 作“乘”解时,后接交通工具,其前不加冠词。
4. by表示比率作“以…为单位”解时,常与表示单位的名词或数词连用,名词前常用定冠词; 作“…比…”解时,用于两个数字之间表示面积。
5. by表示累加时,前后一般用同一个名词、数词或副词,名词前不用定冠词,且不用于复数形式。
6. by表示动作者的时候,常用于被动结构。
7. by用于被动结构时，既可以引出施动者，也可用来表示做某事的手段。

prep.(介词)

by, according to, from, in, on, under

这组词的共同意思是“根据”“按照”。其区别是：

according to是这组词中最常用的一个,可指依据某人的话语、说法、指示,也可指按照某计划、法规等,可以是正式的,也可以是非正式的; by的本意是“凭借某种手段、方式”,由此引申出“依据,按照”,其宾语常为某种规则、法规、标准、习俗等; from的本意是“来源”,由此引申出“根据事物的来源判断”; in指“依据”时,仅见于与eye, opinion, view等表示观点的名词或order, sequence等表示顺序的名词连用,还见于in law, in practice, in theory等短语中; on是根据事物发生和存在所依靠的基础这一用法,由此引申为“根据,按照”,与之连用的词一般是表示忠告、规则、命令、指示、协议、建议、原理的名词; under通常指根据正式的协议、法令、条款、合同等,含有在其控制或约束之下的意味。

by, after, at, for,from, over, through, with

这两个词都可表示“按照”“根据”“依照”“依从”。其区别在于:

1.at多接抽象名词; 而by多接具体名词。

2.这两个词都有“按…计算”的意思,不过by用于英式英语; at用于美式英语。

by, at

这两个词都可表示“按照”“根据”“依照”“依从”。其区别在于:

1.at多接抽象名词; 而by多接具体名词。

2.这两个词都有“按…计算”的意思,不过by用于英式英语; at用于美式英语。

by, before

这两个词都可表示“在…之前”。before所表示的时间不包括其宾语所指时间在内,与之连用的动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词; by所表示的时间包括宾语所指的时间在内,因而常译成“不迟于…”。

by, beside, near, on

这组词的共同意思是“靠近,在…旁边”。beside是一般用语,其宾语可以是表示任何人或事物的名词; by强调“紧贴”,其宾语可以是一般的人或事物,但更常见的是side或含有side的名词; near所指的距离要比by远得多,其宾语可是任何表示人或事物的名词; on一般表示与江〔河,湖,海〕岸或铁路线呈线状的地点相接触,含有“邻接,濒临”的意思。

by, about, on,with

参见about条。

by, in

这两个词都有“不迟于”的意思,但in表明的是一段时间; 而by只是用在日历上确定的时间,或者日历上的一点。

by oneself, alone

这两者均可译为“独自地”“单独地”,其差别主要在于：

1.从造成“独自地”原因上说, alone可以是主动的,也可以是被动的; 而by oneself则是主动的,是主观上愿意把自己与他人隔绝开来而造成的。例如：

他总是单独一个人吃午饭。

He always has his lunch alone.

(只说明客观事实)

He always has his lunch by himself.

(含有愿意如此的意味)

2.从“独自地”性质上说, alone可以是正常的,也可以是不正常的; 而by oneself则多是反常的,或者是出乎意料的。例如：

他自己单独生活。

He lives alone.

(只说明客观事实)

He lives by himself.

(含有该成家却单身的反常意味)

by, till

这两者均可与表示时间的词连用。by指动作在宾语所指的时间前发生,与非持续性动词连用; 而till则指动作或状态持续到宾语所指的时间为止,常与非持续性动词的否定形式或持续性动词连用。

prep.(介词)

我是坐船到美国来的。

误 I came to America by a ship.

正 I came to America by ship.

析 by表示“乘”“坐”，后跟宾语，往往不加冠词。

他要坐6:30的火车走。

误 He is leaving by 6:30 train.

正 He is leaving by the 6:30 train.

析 表示交通方式的by短语中的名词若有表示具体时间的词语修饰，须加定冠词。

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的be or bi，意为靠近，在，经由，大约。