n.(名词)

1. 委员会；董事会；理事会
2. 木板，板，黑板，厚纸板
3. 伙食，膳食
4. 舞台
5. （用于机构名称）局，部，会
6. 盘
7. 牌子，布告牌
8. 演员的职业
9. 入学考试
10. 船舷

v.(动词)

1. 上、登、搭、乘（火车、公共汽车、飞机、船等）
2. 用木板覆盖，用木板封住，用板铺上
3. 膳宿，寄宿 ，付费（在某人家里）膳宿；把（某人）安排在外膳宿，供...膳宿
4. 【海】逆风作之字形航行，逆风斜进
5. 搭伙，包饭
6. 寄养（马）
7. 让乘客登机
8. 强行登（船），靠拢（船）
9. 走上前去跟（某人）讲话，勾引

n.(名词)

1. [C]长形木板 a long thin flat piece of cut wood; plank
2. [C]硬质板 a flat piece of hard material used for a particular purpose
3. [U]膳食费; 膳食 (the cost of) meals
4. [C]理事会,委员会,董事会 an official body or group that has responsibility for a particular organization or activity

v.(动词)

1. vt. 用木板覆盖或封闭 cover with boards
2. vt. 上(船或火车、飞机等) go on board (a ship or public vehicle, aircraft, etc.)
3. vt. & vi. 搭伙(并寄宿),收费供膳食(及住宿) get or supply with meals

Noun:

1. a committee having supervisory powers;

   "the board has seven members"
   

2. a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

3. a flat piece of material designed for a special purpose;

   "he nailed boards across the windows"
   

4. food or meals in general;

   "she sets a fine table"
   "room and board"
   

5. a vertical surface on which information can be displayed to public view

6. a table at which meals are served;

   "he helped her clear the dining table"
   "a feast was spread upon the board"
   

7. electrical device consisting of a flat insulated surface that contains switches and dials and meters for controlling other electrical devices;

   "he checked the instrument panel"
   "suddenly the board lit up like a Christmas tree"
   

8. a printed circuit that can be inserted into expansion slots in a computer to increase the computer's capabilities

9. a flat portable surface (usually rectangular) designed for board games;

   "he got out the board and set up the pieces"
   

Verb:

1. get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.)

2. live and take one's meals at or in;

   "she rooms in an old boarding house"
   

3. lodge and take meals (at)

4. provide food and lodging (for);

   "The old lady is boarding three men"
   

1.（有特殊用途的）木板，塑料板，板材
Aboard is a flat, thin, rectangular piece of wood or plastic which is used for a particular purpose.

e.g. ...a choppingboard.
砧板

2.（下棋等用的）木板，硬纸板，棋盘
Aboard is a square piece of wood or stiff cardboard that you use for playing games such as chess.

e.g. ...a draughtsboard...
跳棋棋盘
e.g. Dr Tinsley had five pieces on theboard against Chinook's four.
廷斯利博士在棋盘上还有5枚棋子，对手钦诺克还有4枚。

3.黑板；告示牌
You can refer to a blackboard or a noticeboard as aboard.

e.g. He wrote a few more notes on theboard.
他在黑板上又写了几条注释。

4.（用来铺地板、筑围墙等的）长条木板
boards are long flat pieces of wood which are used, for example, to make floors or walls.

e.g. The floor was draughty bare boards.
地面铺的是透气性好的实木地板。

5.董事会；理事会
Theboard of a company or organization is the group of people who control it and direct it.

e.g. Arthur wants to put his recommendation before theboard at a meeting tomorrow.
阿瑟希望在明天的会议上把自己的建议书提交董事会。
e.g. ...the agenda for the September 12board meeting.
9月12日董事会议的议程

6.（用于机构名称中）局，所，中心，委员会
board is used in the names of various organizations which are involved in dealing with a particular kind of activity.

e.g. The Scottish Touristboard said 33,000 Japanese visited Scotland last year.
苏格兰旅游局宣称去年有33,000名日本人到苏格兰旅游。
e.g. ...the US National Transportation Safetyboard.
美国国家交通运输安全委员会

7.上，登上（火车、轮船或飞机）
When youboard a train, ship, or aircraft, you get on it in order to travel somewhere.

board

e.g. I boarded the plane bound for England.
我登上了飞往英格兰的飞机。

8.（旅馆等提供的）膳食，伙食
board is the food which is provided when you stay somewhere, for example in a hotel.

e.g. Free room andboard are provided for all hotel staff.
宾馆的所有员工都可享受免费膳宿。

9. see also: bulletin board

10.（协议或交易）合法诚信的，公开的，光明正大的
An arrangement or deal that isabove board is legal and is being carried out honestly and openly.

board

e.g. All I knew about were Antony's own financial dealings, which were always aboveboard.
据我所知，安东尼经手的金融交易一直是公开透明的。

11.影响全体地；全面地
If a policy or a situation appliesacross the board, it affects everything or everyone in a particular group.

e.g. There are hefty charges across theboard for one-way rental...
各处对单程租赁的收费都很高。
e.g. The President promised across-the-board tax cuts if re-elected.
总统许诺如果能再次当选将采取全面的减税措施。

12.被否决；被忽视；落空
If somethinggoes by the board, it is rejected or ignored, or is no longer possible.

e.g. It's a case of not what you know but who you know in this world today and qualifications quite go by theboard.
在当今这个世界，重要的不是你知道什么而是你认识谁，能力才干根本派不上用场。

13.在火车（或轮船、飞机）上
When you areon board a train, ship, or aircraft, you are on it or in it.

board的近义词

e.g. They arrived at Gatwick airport onboard a plane chartered by the Italian government...
他们乘坐意大利政府的包机到达盖特威克机场。
e.g. ...a naval task force with two thousand marines onboard.
由2,000名海军陆战队士兵组成的海军特遣队

14.（在竞赛或选举中）取得压倒性胜利，大获全胜
If someonesweeps the board in a competition or election, they win nearly everything that it is possible to win.

e.g. Spain swept theboard in boys' team competitions.
西班牙队在男子团体比赛中大获全胜。

15.接受（主意）；理解（问题）
If youtake on board an idea or a problem, you begin to accept it or understand it.

board

e.g. I hope that they will take onboard some of what you have said.
我希望他们能采纳你们所提出的部分想法。

boarded up
Half the shops are boarded up on the estate's small shopping street.
在该住宅区的小型购物街上有一半商店都已封上了门窗。
...the boarded-up houses and the derelict factories of Merseyside.
默西赛德郡封上门窗的房屋和废弃的工厂

相关词组：board outboard up

1. 木板：豪猪(porcupine),懒猴(sloth)等哺乳动物还有小河(rill) 木板(board)等名词和十大方法之对称法,下期我们继续学习豆豆在野生动物园和十大方法之添加法...狐猴(lemurs)、懒猴(loris)等原猴亚目动物,不但鼻子较大,...

2. board是什么意思

2. 盘：那样的悲剧......在命运的游戏盘(board)上 寻求支配的力量 生与死的争斗激烈(Drastic)的悼亡剧 可笑的人生 啊,

3.board：b; 配电盘，仪表板

Will you draw the nails from this board?

请你把钉子从这块木板上拔出来好吗?

Paste down the map on the board.

把这张地图用浆糊贴在布告板上。

Her election to the board of directors caused great surprise.

她被选进董事会,令人大为吃惊。

Please get on board at once; the plane is taking off very soon.

请即刻登机；飞机马上就要起飞了。

She pays 100 a week plus room and board.

她每星期付100美元,另加食宿。

For ambitious actors, playing on the boards is the greatest happiness in their life.

对怀着雄心壮志的演员来说,在舞台上表演是他们生命中最大的快乐。

Passengers must board the ship by 6 p.m.

旅客必须在下午六点钟以前上船。

The passenger walk up the ramp to board the airplane.

旅客们走上活动舷梯登上飞机。

Flight 757 is now boarding.

757航班的乘客请现在登机。

We will be very glad to board and lodge you.

我们很高兴为您提供食宿。

Jim prefers to board with Mrs.Smith.

吉姆更愿意在史密斯太太那儿搭伙。

I'd board up the windows if I were you.

如果我要是你的话,我就用木板把窗户钉上。

She has a seat on the board of directors.

她是董事会成员。

He had ripped up the carpet, leaving only the bare boards.

他用力扯去了地毯，只剩下裸露的地板。

a blackboard

黑板

I'll write it up on the board.

我会把它写在黑板上。

(British English)a noticeboard

布告牌

(North Amercian English)a bulletin board

布告牌

The exam results went up on the board.

考试成绩张贴在布告牌上。

a diving board

跳水板

She jumped off the top board.

她从高层跳板上跳了下来。

a chessboard

棋盘

He removed the figure from the board.

他从黑板上抹去了那个数字。

...a chopping board.

砧板

...a draughts board...

跳棋棋盘

Dr Tinsley had five pieces on the board against Chinook's four.

廷斯利博士在棋盘上还有5枚棋子，对手钦诺克还有4枚。

He wrote a few more notes on the board.

他在黑板上又写了几条注释。

The floor was draughty bare boards.

地面铺的是透气性好的实木地板。

Arthur wants to put his recommendation before the board at a meeting tomorrow.

阿瑟希望在明天的会议上把自己的建议书提交董事会。

...the agenda for the September 12 board meeting.

9月12日董事会议的议程

The Scottish Tourist board said 33,000 Japanese visited Scotland last year.

苏格兰旅游局宣称去年有33,000名日本人到苏格兰旅游。

...the US National Transportation Safety board.

美国国家交通运输安全委员会

I boarded the plane bound for England.

我登上了飞往英格兰的飞机。

Free room and board are provided for all hotel staff.

宾馆的所有员工都可享受免费膳宿。

All I knew about were Antony's own financial dealings, which were always above board.

据我所知，安东尼经手的金融交易一直是公开透明的。

There are hefty charges across the board for one-way rental...

各处对单程租赁的收费都很高。

The President promised across-the-board tax cuts if re-elected.

总统许诺如果能再次当选将采取全面的减税措施。

It's a case of not what you know but who you know in this world today and qualifications quite go by the board.

在当今这个世界，重要的不是你知道什么而是你认识谁，能力才干根本派不上用场。

They arrived at Gatwick airport on board a plane chartered by the Italian government...

他们乘坐意大利政府的包机到达盖特威克机场。

...a naval task force with two thousand marines on board.

由2,000名海军陆战队士兵组成的海军特遣队

Spain swept the board in boys' team competitions.

西班牙队在男子团体比赛中大获全胜。

I hope that they will take on board some of what you have said.

我希望他们能采纳你们所提出的部分想法。

1. Would you saw me a piece of board two inches by one?
   请给我锯一块长两英寸、宽一英寸的小板好吗?
2. The carpenter was shaving a board.
   木匠在刨一块木板。
3. The carpenter evened a board with a plane.
   那位木工用刨刨平了一块木板。
4. Nail the boards onto the fence posts, they will make a good fence.
   把这些木板钉在立柱上,这样围墙就牢固了。
5. Will you nail down that loose board in the floor?
   请把那块松动的地板钉牢好吗?
6. Lean the board against the wall, it is in the way.
   把板子靠在墙上,它挡道。
7. How many of our girls dived off the top board.
   姑娘中有多少从最高的跳板上跳过水?
8. The competitors will dive off the highest board.
   比赛者将从最高一个跳板上跳入水中。
9. If you can't pull the nails out by their heads, punch them out from the other side of the board.
   如果你不能把钉子从钉子头这边取出来,你可以从木板的另一面把它们敲出来。
10. The boat is built by lapping the edge of one board over the board underneath.
    用一块木板的边压在下面的一块木板上,船就这样造出来。
11. They knocked together a rough box with wooden boards.
    他们用木板草草地做成了一个粗糙的箱子。
12. We plan to floor the house with pine boards.
    这房子我们打算用松木做地板。
13. The room was floored with boards.
    这房间是用木料铺的地板。
14. Leave the dishes on the board to drain.
    将盘子放在水槽旁边的板上晾干。
15. He stacked the dishes on the draining board.
    他把碗盘放在滴水板上。
16. The students put up a poster on the bulletin board.
    学生们在布告栏上贴了一张海报。
17. Please post this important message on your notice board so that all the students can read it.
    请把这张重要的通知贴在告示牌上,以便全体学生都能看到。
18. We'll notify the time of the meeting on the bulletin board.
    我们将在布告栏上公布会议的时间。
19. The teachers usually pin up the best work on the board.
    老师们通常把最好的作业钉在展示板上。
20. A boy was kept busy marking up the runs on a board.
    杂役忙着把车的班次写在布告牌上。
21. I pay weekly for my board and lodging.
    我按周付食宿费。
22. I owe for my board and lodging.
    我欠着食宿费。
23. Her father pays for her rent and board but Lucy keeps herself in clothes.
    露西的父亲负担她的吃住,她自己则挣钱添置衣服。
24. Let's go and arrange with them about the board.
    咱们去和他们安排一下搭伙的事吧。
25. The notice was put up by the editorial board of the school journal.
    布告是校刊编委会贴的。
26. The point will be laid on the board at the next meeting.
    这一点将在下一次会议上讨论。
27. Your suggestion will be set before the board at their next meeting.
    你的建议将提交董事会的下次会议审议。
28. He is still on the board, but he resigned as chairman some months ago.
    他仍在董事会,但几个月前他辞去了董事长职务。
29. They committed some funds to the care of the board of trustees.
    他们把一笔款子交给董事会管理。
30. The board is determining company policy.
    董事会正在制定公司的方针大计。
31. He acted as secretary to the board.
    他充任委员会的秘书。
32. The members of board requested that the chairman of the board should reconsider his decision.
    董事会的全体成员要求董事长重新考虑他的决定。
33. He was later removed by the board of directors.
    后来他被董事会撤职了。
34. His election to the board of directors paved the way to the replacement of the old president.
    他被选入董事会,这为他取代原来的董事长铺平了道路。
35. The board nominated her as the new director.
    董事会任命她为新董事。
36. Uncle left his position on the board of directors as he felt that he should move over in favour of a younger man.
    叔叔觉得把他在董事会的职位让给一个年轻些的人有好处。
37. The three-man board manages its business with care and dispatch.
    这个三人董事会办事细心、麻利。
38. Your request will be handed up to the board of the directors.
    你的要求将被提交给董事会。
39. I shall have to gather myself together to face the whole board of directors.
    我得冷静下来以对付整个董事会。
40. We thank the committee for bringing to light some facts which will influence the board's decision.
    委员会暴露了将影响理事会作出决定的一些事实,对此我们深表感谢。
41. Are you going to bring any of the other board members in on your plan for the election ?
    你想请董事会的其他人来参与讨论你的选举计划吗?
42. Despite his pleasant manner,I suspected he was fishing for information about the decisions made at the board meeting.
    尽管他的态度讨人喜欢,可我怀疑他是在打听关于董事会决定的消息。
43. We joined the passengers waiting to board.
    我们加入了等候上船的旅客队伍中。
44. As soon as I'm on board I always feel sick.
    我一上船就感到恶心。
45. He has been on the boards all his life.
    他演了一辈子戏。

用作不及物动词S+～(＋A)

1. The workers are boarding over the stern of the boat.
   工人们将船的尾部铺上木板。
2. We joined the passengers waiting to board.
   我们加入了等候上船的旅客队伍中。
3. I'm boarding at a friend's house.
   我在一位朋友家里寄宿搭伙。

用作及物动词S+～+ n./pron.

1. He boarded the roof himself.
   他自己用木板盖屋顶。
2. Floe and I decided to board a train for Geneva.
   我和弗洛决定乘火车去日内瓦。
3. The customs house officers boarded our ship and made a thorough search for smuggled goods.
   海关官员登上船仔细搜查走私货物。
4. My aunt boards holiday-makers during the summer.
   夏天我的姨妈收费给度假的人提供膳宿。
5. She arranged to board some Chinese students from the university.
   她安排了这所大学的一些中国学生在她家食宿。
6. Mrs. Jones makes a living by boarding students.
   琼斯太太靠给学生们做饭为生。
1
7. The floor was boarded.
   地面已铺好铺板。

其他v -ing as Attrib.

1. He showed us the boarding house.
   他领我们看了膳宿处。
2. There is a small boarding school in the little town.
   那个小镇上有一所不大的寄宿学校。
3. Charlie ran away twice from his boarding school.
   查理两次从寄宿学校逃跑。

above board

摆到桌面上的,光明正大 just and honorable

across the board

全体人员都包括在内 include in all the people

go by the board

未成功 be unsuccessful

on board

在船〔火车、飞机、汽车〕上 on ship〔train, plane, bus〕 etc.

board in (v.+adv.)

用木板围住或封住 close a space with boards of wood
board sth ⇔ in

There used to be a hole in the fence that we could creep through, but it's been boarded in.

以前篱笆上有一个口子,我们可以钻进钻出,可是这个口子已用木板给钉上了。

board out (v.+adv.)

不在住处吃饭; (把某人)寄在别处膳宿 (cause to) receive food and lodgings away from home
board out

Jim boards out.

吉姆在外面搭伙。

Mr. Smith has a bedroom in our house but boards out.

史密斯先生住在我们家里,但他在别的地方吃饭。

board sb ⇔ out

She boarded out her children with a neighbour.

她把孩子们寄在邻居家膳宿。

board up (v.+adv.)

用木板封住,用板隔断 put boards over the door or windows
board sth ⇔ up

board the door up.

用木板把门封住。

He boards up his doors and windows before leaving on a holiday.

度假之前他用木板把门窗封上。

When the shop closes, the shopkeeper boards up the windows.

商店关门时,老板用木板把窗户封上。

The windows are boarded up to prevent the thieves from breaking in.

用木板封好窗户,防止盗贼进入。

board with (v.+prep.)

寄膳; 搭伙 take meals with sb in sb's house
board with sb

He boarded with his aunt.

他在他姨妈家寄膳。

动词+～

• board">be on board上船后
• board">burnish the board把木板抛光
• board">fall over board从船上掉下去
• board">get board上船
• board">go on board上车
• board">measure the board量木板
• board">nail the board钉木板
• board">organize a board组织一个委员会
• board">put up a board竖起木板
• board">saw a board锯木板

形容词+～

• board">advisory board顾问委员会
• board">local board地方委员会
• board">sounding board共鸣板,共振板
• board">smooth board光滑的木板
• board">spare board备用板
• board">the bulletin board布告栏
• board">the draining board滴水板上
• board">the editorial board编委会
• board">the highest board最高的跳板
• board">the loose board松动的地板
• board">the top board最高的跳板
• board">thick board厚木板
• board">thin board薄木板

名词+～

• board">advertisement board广告牌
• board">chess board棋盘
• board">cutting board供切割〔裁剪〕用的案板
• board">draft board〈美〉征兵局
• board">Education board教育委员会
• board">message board留言栏
• board">notice board〈英〉布告牌
• board">pine board松木板
• board">school board校董会
• board">sign board招牌,标志牌
• board">spring board跳板

介词+～

• board">above board光明磊落
• board">across the board包括一切地,一律
• board">a piece of board一块长板
• board">the members of board董事会的全体成员
• board">the edge of one board木板的边
• board">the other side of the board木板的另一面
• board">chairman of the board董事长
• board">on board在船或飞机上
• board">on one's notice board在告示牌上
• board">on the board板子上

～+介词

• board%20against%20the%20wall">the board against the wall靠在墙上的板子
• board%20of%20directors">the board of directors董事会

～+名词

• board%20a%20bus">board a bus上汽车
• board%20roof">board roof用木板盖屋顶
• board%20a%20ship">board a ship上船
• board%20a%20train">board a train上火车
• board%20an%20aircraft">board an aircraft上飞机
• board%20holiday-makers">board holiday-makers收费给度假的人供膳宿
• board%20the%20floor">board the floor铺地板

～+副词

• board%20around">board around〈美〉轮餐
• board%20in">board in在寄宿处吃饭
• board%20off">board off用木板隔开
• board%20out">board out在别处吃饭
• board%20over">board over用木板铺上
• board%20up">board up用木板堵上

～+介词

• board%20at">board at在…地方搭伙
• board%20by">board by按…搭伙
• board%20for">board for为…搭伙
• board%20over">board over将…的尾部铺上木板
• board%20with">board with和某人一起搭伙

• They carried her upon a board In the clothes in which she died.

  出自：Southey

• Pattering over the boards, she comes and goes at her will.

  出自：Tennyson

• Grass grew up through the porch boards.

  出自：J. Steinbeck

• The buildings were log or unpainted board.

  出自：W. van T. Clark

• To decide the battle by boarding.

  出自：M. Arnold

n.(名词)

1. board的基本意思是“木板”,多指形状是片状的、较硬的、木质的板儿,也可指为了特殊的目的而设计的板状物,是可数名词。
2. board的另外一个意思是“膳食费”“膳食”,尤指学校为学生提供的食宿,且时间往往较长,是不可数名词。
3. board的另一个意思是“理事会”,指企业、学校、团体等的领导机构,是集合名词, board用作主语时,其谓语动词既可用单数形式(强调理事会整体),也可用复数形式(强调成员个体)。
4. board的复数形式boards含有虚饰浮夸的成分,且可用于比喻意义,显得生动。
5. on board表示“在船〔火车、飞机、汽车〕上”等,且on board后不能用of。

v.(动词)

1. board用作动词时意思是由原名词“木板”及其引申所表示的“餐桌”“甲板”三个意思转化而来的,即:①用木板覆盖或封闭; ②上(船或火车、飞机等); ③提供膳食服务及住宿(尤指收费)。
2. board作“用木板覆盖或封闭”解时,是及物动词,以被封闭物作宾语,可用于被动结构; 作“上(船或火车、飞机等)”解时,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,以表示交通工具的名词作宾语; 作“搭伙”“膳宿”解时,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,以被提供服务的人作宾语。

1. on board of the steamer/ship，on board the steamer/ship,on board ship这几种表达方式都常见。注意on board of ship是错误的表达；
2. 在美式英语中，on board通常解释“上车”，“在车上”或“在飞机上”，而在英式英语中则解释为“上船”和“在船上”。

n.(名词)

board, batten, plank, plate

这组词都有“板”的意思。其区别在于:board是普通用词,泛指各种宽而薄的板; batten一般指“板条”“压条”“挂瓦条”“压缝条”。例如:

batten door小板门。

plate指金属等制作的“平板”“薄板”“片板”等,还可指“钢板”,在地理术语中,指陆地的“板块”“板层”。例如:

We got into the cellar through a round hole covered by a metal plate.我们从一个有金属盖板的圆洞进入地下室。

I read her name on the polished brass plate.我在擦亮的黄铜门牌上看到了她的名字。

In the steel plate five holes were drilled an inch apart.在这块钢板上钻了五个相距一英寸的孔。

plank指比较厚的“木板”“板材”。例如:

plank bed木板床; plank bridge木板桥。

下面各组中的短语意思不同:

a black board 黑色的木板

a blackboard 黑板

on board 在船〔车、飞机〕上

on the board 将在会上讨论

v.(动词)

board, harbour, house, lodge, room, shelter

这组词用作动词时,都有“寄住”的意思。其区别是：

1.room指“给…提供一个房间住”,仅供睡觉,不包括餐饮与娱乐。

2.house指“遮蔽以免受气候等侵袭”(提供有顶盖、有墙、像房屋般的遮蔽)。例如:

Many villagers volunteered to house the flood victims.许多村民自愿为水灾难民提供住处。

3.board主要指“提供膳宿; 包食宿”,而且通常指收费的。例如:

My aunt boards holidaymakers during the summer.夏天我的姨母收费给度假的人提供膳宿。

She arranged to board some Chinese students from the university.她安排了这所大学的一些中国学生在她家食宿。

Mrs. Jones makes a living by boarding students.琼斯太太靠给学生们提供食宿为生。

4.shelter指“庇护,遮蔽”,暗示提供庇护场所,使人免受风雨、轰炸等伤害。例如:

Many southerners sheltered runaway slaves during the Civil War.南北战争之时,许多南方人保护过逃跑的奴隶。

You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.在这次事故中,你无法庇护你的弟弟免受责备。

5.lodge指“给某人提供一个地方暂住”。例如:

They lodged the wanderers for the night.他们为流浪汉提供住宿。

The motel lodges thirty people a night.汽车旅馆一夜可为30个人提供住宿。

6.harbour指“为…提供安身场所”,主要指通过不法的手段来“窝藏”,是一种违反法律的行为,常用作贬义词。例如:

Harbouring criminals is an offence in law.窝藏罪犯是违法的。

v.(动词)

我们最好现在上火车。

误 We'd better board to the train now.

正 We'd better board the train now.

析 表示“上车〔飞机、船〕”时, board是及物动词,接宾语时不需再加介词。

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的bord，意为木板，平面；最初源自原始日耳曼语的burdam，意为木板。