n.(名词)

1. 缺席，不在，缺勤，不在这里，不在场
2. 缺乏，缺少
3. 心不在焉
4. 不注意
5. 外出，离开，在外
6. 失踪
7. 失掉，丧失
8. 无，不存在，没有
9. 不在场的次数或时间，不在的时间

n.(名词)

1. [U][C]缺席; 不在 the fact of sb being away from a place where they are usually expected to be; the occasion or period of time when sb is away
2. [C]不存在; 缺乏 the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available; non-existence; lack

Noun:

1. the state of being absent;

   "he was surprised by the absence of any explanation"
   

2. failure to be present

3. the time interval during which something or somebody is away;

   "he visited during my absence"
   

4. the occurrence of an abrupt, transient loss or impairment of consciousness (which is not subsequently remembered), sometimes with light twitching, fluttering eyelids, etc.; common in petit mal epilepsy

1.不在；缺席
Someone'sabsence from a place is the fact that they are not there.

e.g. ...a bundle of letters which had arrived for me in myabsence...
我不在期间寄给我的一大堆信件
e.g. Eleanor would later blame her mother-in-law for her husband's frequent absences.
埃莉诺过后会因丈夫经常不在家而责怪婆婆。

2.缺乏；不存在
Theabsence of something from a place is the fact that it is not there or does not exist.

e.g. The presence orabsence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer...
有无云层对热量的传递会产生重要的影响。
e.g. In theabsence of a will the courts decide who the guardian is.
在没有遗嘱的情况下，由法庭指定监护人。

3. see also: leave of absence
conspicuous by one'sabsence -> see conspicuous

1. 缺乏：我们的'自身',在未同他人和他物发生关系以前,在本质上是一种'缺乏'(absence). 作为缺乏,自身永远需求建构和重建它所期望的同他人和同他物的关系. 所以,自身虽然深处于人的生命活动过程内部,但它那只属于其自身的生命力本身,

the absence of any women on the board of directors

董事会成员中没有女性的现象

The decision was made in my absence (= while I was not there) .

这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。

We did not receive any news during his long absence.

我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。

The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.

此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。

absence from work

缺勤

repeated absences from school

一再缺课

Eleanor would later blame her mother-in-law for her husband's frequent absences.

埃莉诺过后会因丈夫经常不在家而责怪婆婆。

The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer...

有无云层对热量的传递会产生重要的影响。

In the absence of a will the courts decide who the guardian is.

在没有遗嘱的情况下，由法庭指定监护人。

...a bundle of letters which had arrived for me in my absence...

我不在期间寄给我的一大堆信件

Do you have valid reasons for your absence?

你的缺席有正当理由 吗 ?

He was desperately eager to be back after more than a week's absence from school.

他一个多星期没有到学校,回校之心甚切.

In its absence China would retrogress into division and chaos, and modernization would become impossible.

动摇了中国就要倒退到分裂和混乱, 就不可能实现现代化.

The team was crippled by his absence.

他的缺席使这支球队的实力削弱.

He took my place during my absence.

在我缺勤期间他代替了我.

Everyone remarked loudly on his absence.

大家大声地议论他的缺席.

John will act as a deputy for me during my absence.

我离开期间,约翰将代理我的职务.

It's good to take up the threads of our old friendship after such a long absence.

时隔这么久之后重新恢复我们的老交情,这很好.

A major problem is the absence of water.

主要的问题是缺水.

His absence caused me much trouble.

他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦.

Work has piled up during his absence.

在他离开期间工作堆积起来了.

She called in your absence.

你不在时她来过.

My absence had gone unnoticed.

我的缺席未能引起人家注意.

Original mail returned in the absence of the addressee.

收信人不在,原件退回.

I found a refreshing absence of industrial sprawl.

我发现了一处全无杂乱工业区踪影的、令人心旷神怡的地方.

Darkness is the absence of light.

黑暗就是缺乏光亮.

He excused his absence by saying that he was ill.

他说他生病了,为他缺席开脱.

Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.

她驾车时心不在焉,几乎肇祸.

The ostensible reason for his absence was illness.

他假托生病缺勤。

There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his absence.

关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。

1. absence increased as a result of the spread of the disease.
   由于疾病的蔓延,缺席人数增加了。
2. absence diminished as the new regulations are enforced.
   由于执行了新规章,缺席情况减少了。
3. absence and distance make the overseas Chinese heart increasingly fond of their homeland.
   华侨离乡背井,远居海外,因此他们在感情上越来越向往故乡。
4. His frequent and prolonged absences were making his wife suspicious.
   他频繁且长时间的不在家引起了妻子的怀疑。
5. Her husband's absence increased the weight on her shoulders.
   丈夫不在,加重了她肩上的担子。
6. He didn't notice your absence.
   他没有发现你缺席。
7. He made up a story to explain his absence.
   他编造谎言为他的缺席开脱。
8. Nobody could explain his absence.
   没有人能解释他缺席的原因。
9. I was much disappointed at his absence.
   他不在,我很失望。
10. His illness accounts for his absence.
    他因为生病,所以才缺席。
11. He went to the dean to ask for a two-day leave of absence.
    他找系主任想请两天假。
12. He has got leave of absence for a week.
    他已请准一周的假。
13. It is not John's intention to take advantage of her absence.
    约翰不想趁她不在时搞什么名堂。
14. We are concerned about your child's frequent absences.
    你的孩子频繁缺课使我们很担心。
15. After a long absence, he has returned to doing TV work.
    他长期没有露面,现在又回来做电视工作了。
16. You were conspicuous by your absence yesterday.
    你昨天因缺席而引人注意。
17. Behave yourself during my absence.
    我不在时要规矩点。
18. Please act for me during my absence.
    我不在时,请充当我的全权代表。
19. They remained in their seats during my absence.
    我离席时他们仍呆在自己的座位上。
20. Please look after my office during my absence at home.
    我没上班呆在家中时,请照料一下我的办公室。
21. Caroline will be in charge of the office during my absence.
    我不在的时候,办公室由卡罗琳负责。
22. A new manager was appointed during your absence.
    你不在的时候任命了一位新经理。
23. A stranger brought you this letter during your absence.
    你不在时，一个陌生人给你捎来了这封信。
24. We did not receive any news during his long absence.
    我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。
25. She returned from a day's absence.
    她离开一天后回来了。
26. A good many of the degrees were conferred in absence.
    很多学位都是缺席授予的。
27. I am on leave of absence.
    我正在休假。
28. Many families today were conscious of absences.
    如今许多家庭都觉得少了人。
29. The apparent cause of his absence was a bad cold.
    他缺席的原因表面上看来是重感冒。

～+ prep. -phrase

1. He explained his silence by his absence at the battlefront.
   他说,他之所以那时没有表态是因为他不在场,到前线去了。
2. It happened during his absence for business in London.
   这件事是他去伦敦出差期间发生的。
3. Ade's constant absences from work made his boss very angry.
   艾德经常旷工使他的老板很生气。
4. His long illness and consequent absence from school delayed his progress of study.
   他长时间生病以及随后的缺课耽搁了他的学业。
5. His absences from work caused trouble.
   他多次缺勤引起了麻烦。
6. His several absences from class worried his teacher.
   他几次缺课使他的老师很担心。
7. They discovered that absence from each other left a painful void.
   他们发觉彼此不能相见使人感到惆怅。
8. There were 140 absences from school today.
   今天学校有140人缺勤。
9. Only then had I found his absence from London.
   只是那时我才发现他不在伦敦。
10. He's noted for his frequent absences from work.
    他经常旷工是出了名的。
11. absence of mind may have bad results.
    心不在焉可能会产生恶果。
12. absence of sunlight caused the plants to die.
    阳光不足导致植物枯死。
13. The absence of sunlight made it difficult to take good pictures.
    没有日光很难把照片拍好。
14. The absence of electricity made matters worse.
    停电使事情变得更糟了。
15. The teacher marked the absence of the students.
    老师记录了学生的缺席情况。
16. He noticed the absence of illustrations in that dictionary.
    他发现那本词典里没有插图。
17. He shows an absence of initiative.
    他表现得不主动。
18. She took a year's leave of absence from her job.
    她休了一年假。
19. He returns to the England team after a long absence from international football.
    他在离开国际足坛很长一段时间之后重返英格兰队。
20. He was desperately eager to be back after more than a week's absence from school.
    他离校一个多星期以后,回校之心甚切。
21. You have a lame excuse for your absence from classes yesterday.
    你昨天缺课的理由是站不住脚的。
22. He could not account for his absence from classes.
    他说不出缺课的原因。
23. She has had repeated absences from work this year.
    她今年屡次旷工。
24. We noticed his frequent absence from the job.
    我们注意到,他常常旷工。
25. Owing to his absences from work, they will deduct his bonus from his pay.
    因为多次旷工,他们将从工资中扣除他的资金。
26. He returned home after an absence of two years.
    离别两年之后,他又回到了家里。
27. She seemed pale from the absence of all cosmetics.
    因为没抹一点脂粉,她看上去面色苍白。
28. She told the story with a complete absence of any humor.
    她毫无幽默感地讲了这个故事。
29. The police are worried about the absence of proof in case of any other explanation.
    警方担心案子缺乏证据。
30. Absolute liberty is absence of restraint.
    绝对的自由就是无约束。
31. A major problem is the absence of water.
    主要的问题是缺水。
32. Darkness is the absence of light.
    黑暗就是没有光亮。

in sb's absence

当某人不在时while sb is not there

in the absence of

缺乏,不存在 the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available; a lack of sth

• absence%20of%20mind">absence of mind心不在焉
• absence%20without%20leave">absence without leave旷职(无故缺席)...
• absence%20of%20nose">absence of nose鼻缺失
• absence%20of%20uterus">absence of uterus子宫缺失
• absence%20test">absence test[计] 缺席测试, ...
• absence%20debtor">absence debtor失踪债务人
• absence">Congenital absence先天性缺失
• absence">code absence缺码, 无码
• absence%20rate">absence rate缺勤率
• absence%20of%20uvula">absence of uvula悬雍垂缺失
• absence%20of%20penis">absence of penis阴茎缺失
• absence%20of%20restrictions">absence of restrictions无约束
• absence%20of%20urethra">absence of urethra尿道缺失
• absence">deadlock absence死锁消除
• absence">leave of absence休假
• absence%20of">in the absence of在 ... 不在场的...
• absence%20wash%20away%20love_2E">Salt water and absence wash away love.[谚]远航久别恩情疏...
• absence">conspicuous by one's absence因缺席而引人注目...
• absence">in sb's absence在某人不在时, 在某...

• I was..sentenced to death in my absence, so I said they could shoot me in my absence.

  出自：B. Behan

• Her absences..were spent in mysterious ploys of her own.

  出自：B. Pym

n.(名词)

1. absence的基本意思是某人“缺席; 离开; 不在场”,通常指该在而“不在”。指“不在”或“缺席”这一事实时是不可数名词; 指“不在场的次数或时间”时是可数名词,有复数形式。引申可表示某人、某物或某事“缺乏”或者“不存在”,即不具有应具备或想要的东西。
2. absence 接介词 from表示“离开某地,不在某地”; 接介词 at 或 in表示“不在某地而在他处”; 接介词of表示某人、某物或者某事物“缺乏”或者“不存在”。而in absence意为“在缺乏或不存在的情况下”; in sb's absence意为“当某人不在时,在某人离开时”; in the absence of则意为“在缺少…时”。

1. absence from意为“不在……地方”，而absence in 则意为“在……地方”，如absence from Shanghai意为“不在上海”，absence in Shanghai则意为“在上海”，同时还有“不在它处而在上海”之意；
2. 涉及不会动的的东西时，absence in ...意为“不在……里”或“在……里没有”，如the absence of this word in that dictionary 意为“这词不在那字典里”，惯用in而不是from。

n.(名词)

absence, lack, shortage, want

这组词都有“缺乏”的意思。其区别是：

1.从内容上说:absence指在某一特定的场合应具备或想要的某一事物或事实; lack指应具备或需要的东西; shortage指按规定应具备或需要的数量; want则指缺少必不可少的东西,尤指为一整体的完美所必须具备的东西。

2.从程度上说:absence指根本就不存在; lack指完全没有或不够充足; shortage指部分短缺或开始减少; want则指缺少。

3.从用法上说:absence, lack和want都是不可数名词,间或可加不定冠词; 而shortage可用作不可数名词,也可用作可数名词。

下面各组中的短语意思不同:

in sb's absence

在某人不在的情况下

during sb's absence

在某人不在期间

in the absence of a chairman

缺少主席(实际上没有主席)

in the absence of the chairman

主席不在场的

lack，want，absence，shortage，scarcity

这些名词均含“缺乏，不足”之意。

lack普通用词，指部分或完全的不足。

want指完全或短缺某物，侧重缺少之物是必需的东西。使用范围比lack窄些。

absence指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场。

shortage指不足，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或已知应有的数量。

scarcity指产量不足或缺乏某物难以应付或满足需要。

• ☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的absence，意为离开；最初源自拉丁语的absens，意为不在场，离开。